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- Text/Documents:
- GoMiner: a resource for biological interpretation of genomic and proteomic data (2003) (online version)
Zeeberg et al., NIH, Bethesda, MD
We have developed GoMiner, a program package that organizes lists of 'interesting' genes (for example, under- and overexpressed genes from a microarray experiment) for biological interpretation in the context of the Gene Ontology. GoMiner provides quantitative and statistical output files and two useful visualizations. The first is a tree-like structure analogous to that in the AmiGO browser and the second is a compact, dynamically interactive 'directed acyclic graph'. Genes displayed in GoMiner are linked to major public bioinformatics resources.
- DNA Microarray Data Analysis, second edition (2006) (Full Text avaliable at website)
From CSC - the Finnish IT center for science
This guidebook is written in collaboration between several Finnish researchers from different universities and research institutions. The first edition of the DNA microarray data analysis guidebook was written by M. Minna Laine, Tomi Pasanen, Janna Saarela, Ilana Saarikko, Teemu Toivanen, Martti Tolvanen, Jarno Tuimala, Mauno Vihinen, and Garry Wong. For the second edition, Iiris Hovatta, Katja Kimppa, Antti Lehmussola, Juha Saharinen, and Pekka Tiikkainen joined the writer team. The purpose of this book is to serve as course and teaching material to introduce basic concepts of microarray data analysis. We hope that especially researchers starting their data analysis can benefit from the book.
Example chapters:
Part II, Section 10: Data normalization
Part II, Section 11: Finding differentially expressed genes
- Yeast Two-Hybrid: State of the Art (1999) (PDF, 1MB, 38pgs)
Wim Van Criekinge and Rudi Beyaert, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology and University of Ghent
Genome projects are approaching completion and are saturating sequence databases. This paper discusses the role of the two-hybrid system as a generator of hypotheses. Apart from this rather exhaustive, financially and labour intensive procedure, more refined functional studies can be undertaken. Indeed, by making hybrids of two-hybrid systems, customised approaches can be developed in order to attack specific function-related problems. For example, one could set-up a “differential” screen by combining a forward and a reverse approach in a three-hybrid set-up. Another very interesting project is the use of peptide libraries in two-hybrid approaches. This could enable the identification of peptides with very high specificity comparable to “real” antibodies. With the technology available, the only limitation is imagination.
- What is a DNA chip? (2002) (PDF, 1,024KB, 11pgs)
written for students by Russ Hodge and Christian Schwager, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)
This presentation introduces DNA chips (w/photos of real chips after an experiment), followed by DNA chip analysis software, explaining the meaning of spots seen on the chips. The article then explains DNA chip score charts and correlation graphs through an example in which a healthy and an infected mosquito are compared.
- The Structures of Life (date unkn.) (PDF avaliable at website)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
This document introduces proteins (with various 3D protein models and photos of protein crystals), describes the concept of mutations (or 'errors') followed by the genetic code. The document also covers measurement methods such as X-ray crystallography, and NMR. It discussed also interesting subjects like structure-based drug design, transcription and translation to make proteins. Also, the document includes a glossary and many links throughout the text.
- News Article: "Structure-based Drug Design" (June 4, 2001)
Chemical & Engineering News
The article points out and describes the (docking and cystallographic) methods employed and highlights the importance of structure-based design as a shortcut to find better compounds for new drugs. For more information about the company cited, logon to: www.syrrx.com
- Webpage: "How is drug design related to bioinformatics?" (Date unkn.) (in English/German/French)
Wolfram Altenhofen, University of Bielefeld, Germany
Well designed webpage with comprehensive graphics (3D molecular models of proteins). Topics covered: A) Proteins as Cellular Targets of Medical Drugs, B) The Molecular Basis of Drug Specificity, C) "Rational" Drug Design, D) Techniques Applied, E) Drug Design Using Known Receptor Structures, F) What if we don't Know the Structure of the Receptor?, and G) Future Perspectives.
- The COG database: an updated version includes eukaryotes (2003) (Online version)
Tatusov et al., NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
We describe here a major update of the previously developed system for delineation of Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs) from the sequenced genomes of prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes and the construction of clusters of predicted orthologs for 7 eukaryotic genomes, which we named KOGs after eukaryotic orthologous groups.
- Article: "The Sequence of the Human Genome" (2001) (Online version)
J. Craig Venter et al. (Science, 16 February 2001)
A 2.91-billion base pair (bp) consensus sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome was generated by the whole-genome shotgun sequencing method. The 14.8-billion bp DNA sequence was generated over 9 months from 27,271,853 high-quality sequence reads (5.11-fold coverage of the genome) from both ends of plasmid clones made from the DNA of five individuals. Two assembly strategies--a whole-genome assembly and a regional chromosome assembly--were used, each combining sequence data from Celera and the publicly funded genome effort...
- Article: "The Human Genome" (2001) (Online version)
Elizabeth Pennisi (Science, 16 February 2001)
It is an awe-inspiring sight. Open up the folded figure that comes with this issue of Science. There you will see the human genome, chromosome after chromosome, with its major features color-coded and described. Black tick marks show the coding regions along orange, blue, pink, and purple genes, the colors reflecting the function of the corresponding proteins. All told, some 2.9 billion bases of the genome are represented on this beach towel-sized poster...
- Software Downloads:
- EMBOSS
A free Open Source software analysis package specially developed for the needs of the molecular biology (e.g. EMBnet) user community. The software automatically copes with data in a variety of formats and even allows transparent retrieval of sequence data from the web. Please see the documentation for the capabilities of EMBOSS, including this helpful guide to EMBOSS and other bioinformatics tools by Lisa Mullan of the EBI.
- Swiss-PdbViewer
For viewing proteins and molecules (as PDB files) in 3D. Download includes instruction manual.
- Slide Presentations:
- Biology and computers
Dr. Jamil Momand, April 5, 2005
Literature Databases/Primary public domain bioinformatics servers/NCBI ENTREZ/Medline Database/MEDLINE Sample Record/Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)/OMIM-Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man...
- Video Lectures:
- The Tinman and the Scarecrow: A Biomaterials Analysis, The / The Wellspring of Discovery
June 9, 2000
- Microbes - Friend or Foe?
May 15, 2006
- Repair, Rebuild, Enhance People: The Tissue Engineering Nexus of Medicine, Biology, Bioengineering, Entrepreneurship and Ethics
May 2, 2006
- Endless Forms Most Beautiful
December 1, 2005
- Sea of Microbes
April 21, 2005
- Blending Biology and Robotics
December 2004
- Understanding Fat: Syndrome X and Beyond
December 2, 2004
- Deconstructing Obesity
December 2, 2004
- Can You Really Extend Your Life?
August 8, 2004
- Biology Is Nanotechnology
April 27, 2004
- Tissue Engineering & Life-On-A-Chip
March 13, 2004
- Biology in Four Dimensions
December 4, 2000
- Genetics and Molecular Biotechnology: Departmental Seminar
October 24, 2001
- Molecular Biology and Viral Dynamics of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus
January 16, 2001
- Live Long and Prosper! Exercise, Nutrition and Supplements for Optimal Energy and Productivity
May 4, 2005
- Sample Scripts:
- Sample Data:
- Bacterial Genomes - Search through the genomes (avaliable as TXT files) of 331 (as of 08-07-06) bacterial microorganisms. Made available by the EMBL-EBI.
- Genome Browser FTP server - Bulk downloads of sequences and annotation data made (most data is in compressed form) available via the Genome Browser FTP server.
- General Web Resources:
- NCBI: Complete Bacteria/Taxonomy List - list of bacterial genomes (and known strains) in alphabetic order
- Wiley - InterScience: "Special Issue of Human Mutation" - full-text articles as downloadable PDF files available
- Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Hematology - database of genes or "entities" related to cancer (listed by themes or chromosomes)
- NCBI: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism - introducing dbSNP search features, submission/locus information among other topics
- HGVbase (Human Genome Variation database)- an accurate, high utility and ultimately fully comprehensive catalog of normal human gene and genome variation, sponsored by Pfizer
- HGMD (Human Gene Mutation Database) - from the Institute of Medical Genetics in Cardiff, U.K.
- NCBI: OMIM (On-line Mendelian Inheritance in Man) - searchable catalog of human genes and genetic disorders
- List of mutation databases - from the Human Genome Variation Society (Australia)
- Public SRS servers - List of SRS servers for genomic data, along with alphabetical listing of avaliable genomes
- The ImmunoDeficiency Resource (IDR) - tools for clinical, biochemical, genetic, structural and computational analyses as well as links to related information. The 'Bioinformatics' section is of particular interest
- MUTbase - Program Suite For Maintenance And Analysis Of Mutation Databases On The World Wide Web
- ClustalW- multiple sequence alignment program for DNA or proteins (provided by the European Bioinformatics Institute [EMBL-EBI])
- The Interactive Fly - See how gene expression can be correlated with developmental biology in Drosophila
- PROWL - Amino Acid Properties - Structural, chemical information etc.
- The Jackson Laboratory (Knockout Mice) - search databases of knock-out models: the JAX Mice database, the Mouse Phenome Database, and TBASE
Navigation - guide to the Jackson Laboratory website
- Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) - provided by The Jackson Laboratory
- NCBI: OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) - A database of human genes and genetic disorders
- Ambion (The RNA company) - "The Mechanism of RNA Interference (RNAi)"
- ProDom - a comprehensive set of protein domain families automatically generated from the SWISS-PROT and TrEMBL sequence databases.
- "Structural Classification of Proteins" (SCOP) - structural and evolutionary relationships between known proteins
- Klotho: Biochemical Compounds Declarative Database - An attempt to model biological processes, beginning with biochemistry
- KEGG LIGAND Database- database of chemical substances and reactions that are relevant to life
- Metabolic Pathways of Biochemistry - graphically presents all major metabolic pathways, primarily those important to human biochemistry
Note: MDL Chemscape CHIME plug-in required to view molecules in 3D.
- BRENDA - "The Comprehensive Enzyme Information System" - lots of enzyme data, including real-life functional parameters
- Applied Biosystems: online store - products for a variety of applications
- NC3Rs: Mouse databases - links related to Mouse Genetics, Knockout Mice, Mouse strain databases.
- Basic Biology and Bioinformatics links- good introductory links related to bioinformatics, if you are new to the subject.
- BioMerTechnology.com - Synthesized peptides and polyclonal antibodies.
- Celtek Bioscience - Custom Peptide Synthesis. Claims high quality and low prices.
- Midwest Bio Services, LLC - "Most sensitive nanoLC/MS/MS technique for Protein Identification. Accurate results in 4 business days."
New company dedicated to providing reliable and affordable services in the areas of protein expression, protein purification and analytical characterization of proteins and peptides.
- Biopeptide Co., Inc. - Synthesis and production of peptides using t-Boc/Fmoc solid phase and solution phase technology. High purity peptides for research and clinical purposes in 1-2 weeks.
- JPT Peptide Technologies - From ultra-fast custom peptide synthesis to the assembly of highly sophisticated peptide arrays and ready-to-use kits for biomedical research. Peptide synthesis, peptide arrays, immuno tools, kinase profiling tools, phosphatase profiling tools, protease profiling tools.
- Cell Signaling Technology A - Many cell-signaling diagrams are made available.
- Enzyme Structures Database - Database contains the known enzyme structures that have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). Special features: Not only can proteins be displayed as ribbon models, but ligand's interactions with proteins can also be visualized in a 2D molecular model. Provided by the EBI.
- PUMA2 - High throughput comparative and evolutionary analysis of genomes and metabolic networks with Grid computational backend. Provided by the Bioinformatics group at Argonne National Laboratory.
- List of Bacterial names with Standing in Nomenclature (LBSN) - An attempt for a complete bacteria list.
- Clusters of Orthologous Groups - Universal domain classification by microbiological similarity.
- EcoCyc: Encyclopedia of Escherichia coli K12 Genes and Metabolism - EcoCyc is a scientific database for the bacterium Escherichia coli K12 MG1655. The EcoCyc project performs literature-based curation of the entire genome, and of transcriptional regulation, transporters, and metabolic pathways.
- PEDANT - "Protein Extraction, Description and ANalysis Tool". This webpage lists all the available bacteria with various strains available. This pedant genome database provides exhaustive automatic analysis of genomic sequences by a large variety of bioinformatics tools.
- Molecular Visualization Tutorials - Free tutorials for molecules made in 3d with Chime, suitable for use in a classroom. MDL Chime required for viewing.
- Useful Molecular Biology Bookmarks, UP - A fairly comprehensive compilation of Molecular Biology tools, both web-based utilities and software downloads, from the Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry at the University of Pittsburgh.
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